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Problems and Issues of Focus:
Bandugoda
is a village in a Munda tribal forest, rich in forest produce and
water. It provided sufficient produce like mahuva flower, lac, sal
leaves and seed and many herbal plants. However, despite such
resources, the entire village is now in the firm grip of water
scarcity and starvation. Forest cover declined from 85% to 50% with
the highest level of degradation during the last 10 years. This led
to depletion of water sources, degradation of land, reduction of
forest trees and its resources and consequently less fodder and less
agricultural production. This has had an additional adverse effect
on women by increasing their workload and burden.
In Sinjani village, there was unlimited access to various
forest products. The government’s nationalisation of some forest
produce made their life miserable. The villagers are now helpless to
voice their problems with the government.
Hunt
is another tribal village. The self-governing tribal system is now
weakening in this village and is under the firm grip of timber
merchants and the mafia. Forest trees are illegally cut and sold.
The traditional control system has slowly vanished under the
influence of money power and muscle power of non-tribes.
In the village of
Kowa,
the Munda tribes are suffering from starvation and hunger. Their
income level has decreased more than 45% in 5 years. 92% of
families are in a state of food and employment scarcity. Among these
92%, 32% are living perilously with employment and food for only 3-4
months during the year.
Mehdali is a tribal woman in Sringathu. She used to depend on
the forest for providing different herbs for treating diseases.
When her entire family fell ill from malaria and water born
diseases, she was forced to sell her assets to buy medication. She
is now assetless and suffers from severe insecurity from negative
shocks of loss of forest resources.
In Erky, the Munda tribe has the culture of preserving
forests by reserving certain areas as religious sites (Sarna). All
religious festivals and functions are performed in these sacred
sites. But, this indigenous form of protection of forest is slowly
disappearing because of a lack of recognition and understanding of
good cultural practices by governments.
Though these are burning, sticking and touching problems of the poor
tribes in the local area, they are equally touching to every one of
us, as these are common environmental problems. Despite living miles
apart, the forests in which the tribes live are a part of the global
environment that provides free services such as clean air, storing
carbon and global warming. Hence their problems are closely
connected with our problem too. In this inter-related and
inter-related world, we can not ignore the degradation and
degeneration of global commons.
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